Heat pumps. Application, advantages and disadvantages

1. Functions

The heat pump is a device intended for heating and hot water supply of a private house, greenhouse, sports hall, swimming pool, etc. The uniqueness of this device is its economy and versatility. In the cold season, the heat pump prepares warm water; in the summer, the heat pump can be connected to the air conditioning system and used for cooling the premises.

2. The principle of work.

To say briefly, then the heat pump is a refrigerator on the contrary. If the home refrigerator takes heat energy into products (cooling products) and throws them into the room, the heat pump draws heat from the ground, water or air (there are different types of heat pumps) and throws it into the heating system.

The principle of operation of the heat pump is given below.

Advantages of heat pumps:

• Economy.

So the cost is 1 kw. the heat produced by the heat pump is 3-6 times cheaper than 1 kW. heat produced by gas or electric boiler. With a boiler on solid fuel, the difference is even greater. It should be borne in mind that the boiler for solid fuels is much less economical than gas.

When using a heat pump for one kilowatt of electricity consumed it is possible to receive from three to five kW of thermal energy.

When using a heat pump in the summer, for passive cooling, in comparison with traditional air conditioning systems, the energy savings from fifteen to twenty times.

• Ecology

The heat pump is an environmentally friendly device. During the operation of the device, no harmful substances are released. There is no need to clean the heat pump, remove ash or soot. The environment is not polluted by substances such as CO2, CO, NOx, which is a key factor contributing to global warming.

• Fire Security

The heat pump is fire-safe, as it does not burn combustion gas, coal or firewood. In the process of functioning, there is no heating of parts, the temperature does not reach dangerous highs. For the operation of this device, non-combustible substances are used. When working a good heat pump, the fire is eliminated. It should be noted that the use of a heat pump does not require the installation of gas networks, as the equipment does not require the delivery of organic fuel.

• Reliability

Thanks to its design and operation principle, namely the heat transfer in sealed and closed pipelines, heat pumps have high reliability. Electricity problems do not lead to problems with the product or to freeze the liquid. When the power comes, the unit automatically switches itself on (as a household refrigerator) and continues to function. The reliability of the heat pump is an order of magnitude higher than a gas boiler or solid fuel boiler.

• Durability.

The duration of the service of the heat pump is from twenty to thirty years. After the expiration of service, some moving parts of the device, in particular the parts of the compressor, may need to be replaced. In this case, such expensive elements as underground pipelines, heating pipes do not require replacement, and continue to serve and further.

Disadvantages of the heat pump:

• Cost.

One of the disadvantages is the cost of the device. To carry out complex work in the process of equipment installation, the customer will have to pay a large sum. The cost of a heat pump above the starting price when installing gas equipment or electric heating. This is a major disadvantage for some buyers.

It is necessary to take into account the important fact that the payback period is from four to six years. Sometimes the payback of the system is reduced to two or three years.

• Territory.

In order to install a heat pump, it will be necessary to allocate a certain part of the territory of the plot of land. To get 1 kW of energy, you need about twenty five square meters. This space is mainly allocated for vertical probes. But for the horizontal, it will take from two hundred and fifty m2 per 1 kW of thermal power.

To place the device in the reservoir will require special access.

It should be noted that after installing the pipelines, the surface of the earth can be used to plant a lawn, garden, garden, etc.

Currently there are heat pumps that receive energy from the air. Applying their excavation work is not necessary.

This looks like the air-water heat pump 

• Electricity.

In order to use the product is stable, it is desirable to use a three-phase power supply, as the compressors have significant starting currents. Therefore, you should carefully calculate the availability of network power. In the absence of the power supply network of the required power, it will be necessary to additionally add a device for smooth start-up.

Therefore, the issue of energy saving for heating is very relevant.

The best heating system for use with heat pumps is a water-heated floor read on it - >> HERE

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Biriukovich Pavlo, consultant on energy-saving construction